Obstrucción neoplásica de colon: tratamiento con prótesis autoexpansibles / [Neoplasic colonic obstruction: resolution with self-expanding metallic stents].

INTRODUCTION: The endoscopic placement of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) emerges as a therapeutic option for neoplastic colonic obstruction in two situations: as palliative treatment and as a bridge to surgery. The latter can avoid emergency surgery, thus decreasing the rate of ostomies and the mortality and morbidity associated with them. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and benefits of SEMS placement for the treatment of neoplastic colorectal obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2008 and June 2012, we included in this prospective, longitudinal, descriptive and observational study all the patients suffering from colorectal neoplasia who were subjected to SEMS placement by the same group ofendoscopists. Nitinol SEMS were inserted under endoscopic vision and radioscopic control. RESULTS: Twenty seven SEMS were inserted in 27 patients, 61

of them were male and the average age was 70 years old. Symptoms of colonic suboclussion or obstruction were found in 92

of the lesions were located in the left-side colon, 41

of cases were performed on an ambulatory basis and 65

of stenting was carried out for palliative purposes. The average time of hospitalization was 6,46 days. Technical and clinical success were 93

, respectively. Minor complications were observed in 11

of patients. Colonic stenting was followed by elective surgery within one month, by a laparoscopic technique in most cases. CONCLUSION: The placement of SEMS arises as a safe and effective alternative to palliative surgery or as a bridge to elective surgery.

Corte con argón plasma de prótesis autoexpansibles de nitinol: serie de 7 casos / [Trimming with argon plasma of self-expanding metal stents: report of 7 cases].

The use of self-expandable enteral stents for palliation of malignant stenosis may present the complication of concealing the ampulla of Vater behind the metallic mesh. Anchoring in the duodenal wall (distal or partial migration) may also be a complication of biliary metallic stents and therefore may cause difficulty in gaining access to the biliary tract. In these cases of difficult access, a fenestration on the prosthesis ( biliary or enteral) can be created to allow reaching the obstructed biliary tract by means of argon plasma (AP). Were retrospectively analysed 7 cases. Under endoscopic vision, AP was directed to filgurate and cut 6 biliary prosthesis and a duodenal stent. Fulguration and cut of biliary stent was performed in 5 cases of distal partial migration and cholangitis. In one case of obstruction caused by distal migration inside the duodenal stent light, cutting of the biliary stent was performed. A window was created in the enteral prosthesis in order to access the ampulla of Vater and place a biliary tract prosthesis. All cases were resolved successfully and without complications. We conclude that the use of AP to fulgurate and cut nitinol prosthesis was effective and presented no complications in this series.

Valor de la colangiografía por resonancia magnética en la obstrucción biliar benigna y maligna / MR cholangiography in bening and malign biliary obstruction

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo positivo y negativo de la colangiografía por Resonancia Magnética (MRCP) en pacientes con patología biliar obstructiva benigna y maligna. Se estudiaron por MRCP 106 pacientes con sospecha de patología biliar en secuencias 3D turbo SPIN-ECO T2 con técnica de supresión grasa: 49 presentaron obstrucción biliar, de los cuales 48 fueron correctamente diagnosticados, con una sensibilidad del 92 por ciento, especificidad del 90 por ciento, VPP del 94 por ciento y VPN del 88 por ciento. Concluimos que la MRCP es un nuevo procedimiento diagnóstico no invasivo que muestra alta sensibilidad y especificidad en el diagnóstico de lesiones benignas y malignas del árbol biliopancreático